Different types of optimizations proposed for improving the performance of TCP/IP: TCP Fast Open,
window scaling, Slow start restart, Proportional rate reduction, Increasing initial congestion window. Problems
of UDP and peer to peer applications with NAT, Linux queue disciplines such as Random early detection,
Proportional integral controller, Controlled delay and explicit congestion notification (ECN). Differences
between the internet architecture and data center network architecture, Performance problems in data center
networks and existing solutions, the need for software defined networks in Data center networks, and the
importance of network function virtualization.